Sources
Last Revised: 1/12/2023
Overweight & Obesity. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. {https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/index.html}
Cameron, et. al. Quantifying the Sex-Race/Ethnicity-Specific Burden of Obesity on Incident Diabetes Mellitus in the United States, 2001 to 2016: MESA and NHANES. Journal of American Heart Association. February 2021.
Barnes, Ann. The Epidemic of Obesity and Diabetes. Texas Heart Institute Journal. 2011.
Ganz, et. al. The association of body mass index with the risk of type 2 diabetes: a case-control study nested in an electronic health records system in the United States. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome. April 2014.
Gray, et. al. The Relationship between BMI and Onset of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications. South Medical Journal. January 2016.
Weber, et. al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of hypertension in the community: a statement by the American Society of Hypertension and the International Society of Hypertension. Journal of Clinical Hypertension. January 2014.
Wilson, et. al. Overweight and and Obesity as Determinants of Cardiovascular Risk: The Framingham Experience. International Archives of Internal Medicine. September 2002.
Wall, et. al. Body mass index and obstructive sleep apnea in the UK: a cross-sectional study of the over-50s. Primary Care Respiratory Journal. December 2012.
Peppard, et. al. Longitudinal study of moderate weight change and sleep-disordered breathing. JAMA. 2000.
Reyes, et. al. Association between Overweight and Obesity and Risk of Clinically Diagnosed Knee, Hip, and Hand Osteoarthritis: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Osteoarthritis. April 2016.
Ge, et. al. Comparison of dietary macronutrient patterns of 14 popular named dietary programmes for weight and cardiovascular risk factor reduction in adults: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials. BMJ. April 2020.
Henry, et. al. Dapagliflozin, metformin XR, or both: initial pharmacotherapy for type 2 diabetes, a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Clinical Practice. May 2012.
Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Long-term safety, tolerability, and weight loss associated with metformin in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study. Diabetes Care. April 2012.
Lonneman, et. al. Phentermine/Topiramate Extended-Release Capsules (Qsymia) for Weight Loss. Pharm D. August 2013.
Allison, et. al. Controlled-Release Phentermine/Topiramate in Severely Obese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial (EQUIP). Obesity. February 2012.
Sherman, et. al. Naltrexone/Bupropion ER (Contrave): Newly Approved Treatment Option for Chronic Weight Management in Obese Adults. Pharmacy and Therapeutics. March 2016.
Bonora, et. al. Effect of dulaglutide 3.0 and 4.5 mg on weight in patients with type 2 diabetes: Exploratory analyses of AWARD-11. Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism. October 2021.
Capehorn, et. al. Once-Weekly Semaglutide Reduces HbA1c and Body Weight in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Regardless of Background Common OAD: a Subgroup Analysis from SUSTAIN 2–4 and 10. Diabetes Therapy. May 2020.
O’Neil, et. al. Efficacy and safety of semaglutide compared with liraglutide and placebo for weight loss in patients with obesity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo and active controlled, dose-ranging, phase 2 trial. Lancet. August 2018.
Frias, et. al. Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide Once Weekly in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine. August 2021.
Rosenstock, et. al. Efficacy and safety of a novel dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide in patients with type 2 diabetes (SURPASS-1): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet. July 2021.
Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery Fact Sheet 2021. American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. {https://asmbs.org/app/uploads/2021/07/Metabolic-Bariatric-Surgery-Fact-Sheet-2021.pdf}
Buchwald, et. al. Weight and type 2 diabetes after bariatric surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Medicine. 2009.
Chang, et. al. The Effectiveness and Risks of Bariatric Surgery: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, 2003-2012. JAMA Surgery. March 2014.
Wittgrove, et. al. Laparoscopic gastric bypass, roux-en-y: 500 patients: technique and results, with 3-60 month follow-up. Obesity Surgery. 2000.
Adams, et. al. Long-term mortality after gastric bypass surgery. New England Journal of Medicine. 2007.
Lean, el. Al. Durability of a primary care-led weight-management intervention for remission of type 2 diabetes: 2-year results of DiRECT open-label, cluster-randomized trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinology. May 2019.
Tahrani, et. al. Benefits of weight loss of 10% or more in patients with overweight or obesity: a review. Obesity. March 2022.
Benaiges, et. al. Bariatric surgery and hypertension: implications and perspectives after the GATEWAY randomized trial. Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy. February 2019.
Fisher, et. al. Remission and Relapse of Hypertension After Bariatric Surgery: A Retrospective Study on Long-Term Outcomes. Annals of Surgery. June 2022.
Juhaeri, et. al. Associations of weight loss and changes in fat distribution with the remission of hypertension in bi-ethnic cohort: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Preventative Medicine. March 2003.
Harsha, et. al. Weight Loss and Blood Pressure Control. Hypertension. May 2008.
St-Onge, et. al. Weight Loss Is Integral to Obstructive Sleep Apnea Management. Ten-Year Follow-up in Sleep AHEAD. American Journal of Respiratory Critical Care Management. Jan 2021.
Aminian, et. al. How safe is metabolic/diabetes surgery? Diabetes Obesity Metabolism. 2015.
Flum, et. al. Perioperative safety in the longitudinal assessment of bariatric surgery. New England Journal of Medicine. 2009.
Robertson, et. al. Perioperative mortality in bariatric surgery: meta-analysis. British Journal of Surgery. August 2021.
Dick, et. al. Gastrointestinal bleeding after gastric bypass surgery: nuisance or catastrophe? Surgery for Obesity and Related Disease. Nov 2010.
Froehling, et. al. Incidence of Venous Thromboembolism After Bariatric Surgery: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Obesity Surgery. February 2014.
Halliday, et. al. Post-operative nausea and vomiting in bariatric surgery patients: an observational study. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. May 2017.
Bariatric Surgery: Postoperative Concerns 2008. American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. { https://asmbs.org/app/uploads/2014/05/bariatric_surgery_postoperative_concerns1.pdf}
Zhang, et. al. Hair Loss after Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Obesity Surgery. March 2021.
Baillot, et. al. Impact of excess skin from massive weight loss on the practice of physical activity in women. Obesity Surgery. November 2013.